拌种灵氨基酸衍生物的合成及其生物活性

拌种灵四氢呋喃与乙醛酸乙酯或丙酮酸乙酯衍生合成出2个希夫碱化合物(Ⅰa和Ⅰb),经硼氢化钠还原合成2个拌种灵的氨基酸衍生物(Ⅱa和Ⅱb),并经熔点测定、NMR和MS表征。以拌种灵为对照药剂,测定了4个目标化合物对水稻纹枯病菌(Rhizoctonia solani)和水稻白叶枯病菌(Xanthomonas oryzae)的室内抑菌活性。结果表明4个目标化合物对水稻纹枯病菌和水稻白叶枯病菌均有抑菌活性。     

钠蒙脱土对木材胶粘剂酚醛树脂性能的影响

通过对木材胶粘剂酚醛树脂(PF)中加入纳蒙脱土(NaMMT)制成复合材料,经x射线衍射(XRD)、MALDI-TOF质谱分析、差示扫描(DSC)分析并经压板试验,结果表明,少量的NaMMT和PF混合时,X射线衍射(XRD)显示不能达到完全的剥离;MALDI-TOF质谱显示本研究中的酚醛树脂是三维结构,使得插层变得很困难;差示扫描量热法(DSC)曲线显示,NaMMT对PF树脂的固化有促进作用;加入少量的NaMMT能提高作为胶合板和木刨花板用胶粘剂的热同性酚醛树脂的耐水性,但没有显示出对干强性能的提高.     

不同覆盖及管理模式对北亚热带丘陵地区桃园土壤肥力的影响

通过对北亚热带丘陵地区桃园不同覆盖及管理模式的比较,探讨不同管理模式对土壤理化性质的影响。研究结果表明:全园种植三叶草可显著提高土壤水分、有机质、氮、磷、钾的含量,是该地区理想的桃园管理模式。     

杉木人工林凋落量及气候因子敏感性分析

为研究凋落量、组成和动态变化及其与气候因子间的关系,对福建沙县杉木人工林进行了连续7 a的定位观测。结果表明,2005-2011年杉木凋落量变化范围为1 051.83-2 407.80 kg.hm-2,年平均值为1 493.14 kg.hm-2,凋落量2005-2006年显著降低(P<0.05),随后6 a间呈先增加再降低又增加的趋势,但变化幅度较为缓和。凋落物中落叶、落枝、落果、树皮及碎屑所占比例分别为62.9%、16.6%、7.63%、3.16%和9.73%。杉木凋落量季节动态总体表现为双峰型,峰值分别出现在2月(全年最大值)和7月,且2-7月凋落量占全年的62.3%,是杉木全年凋落量的主要贡献期。对凋落物的逐月观测数据与相应气象因子进行相关分析(Pearson和Spearman相关系数,n=84),结果显示,杉木凋落量对降水量和风速最为敏感(P<0.05),其次是气温和日照时间。     

环丙沙星在猪体内的生物利用度及药物动力学

18 头健康长白×大白×杜洛克杂交猪,分3 组,每组6 头,按5 m g/kg 的剂量进行了静注、肌注及内服环丙沙星的药动学研究。高效液相色谱法测定血浆中药物的质量浓度,MCPKP药代动力学程序处理药时数据。静注给药时,环丙沙星体内分布快且广泛,消除较慢,t1/2α为(0.35±0.19) h,t1/2β为(3.15±0.57) h,Vd(area)为(3.24±0.51) L/kg,ClB 为(0.73±0.15) L/(kg·h- 1 )。肌注和内服给药时,环丙沙星均吸收较快,但内服吸收速度和程度均不及肌注给药,t1/2ka 分别为(0.23±0.15)、(0.38±0 .21) h,tm ax 分别为(0.63±0.31)、(1.39±0.39) h,Cm ax 分别为(1.31±0.34)、(0.60±0.14) m g/L,生物利用度(F)分别为(77.96±5.89)% 、(51.58±5.69)% 。本研究发现,环丙沙星肌注和内服给药的消除半衰期与静注给药相似,分别为(3.45±0.66)、(3.32±0.96) h,与在其他哺乳动物的动力学特征有所不同。     

表达猪链球菌溶血素基因的减毒沙门氏菌的构建及鉴定

将猪链球菌溶血素（suilysin，SLY）基因克隆入原核表达栽体pBV220，将重组质粒再导入减毒鼠伤寒沙门氏菌SV4089株，经PCR和酶切鉴定，构建成携带猪链球菌溶血素基因的重组减毒鼠伤寒沙门氏菌。结果表明：该减毒株具有相对安全性；用酶切和PCR鉴定法证实在无抗生素存在的条件下携带重组质粒的减毒株比较稳定；SDS-PAGE显示SLY能在宿主菌中进行表达。该结果为进一步研究制备猪链球菌口服活疫苗奠定了基础。     

稀释液中添加海藻糖对猪冷冻精液质量参数和活性氧的影响

本试验旨在探讨海藻糖对猪精子冷冻效果以及精子内活性氧(ROS)的含量影响。试验分对照组和4个海藻糖处理组(0.025,0.05,0.1和0.2 mol/L)。精子冷却后,添加0.1 mol/L海藻糖处理组精子活力显著(P<0.05)高于对照组,而精子内和稀释液中各组间ROS发生量都没有显著的差异。精子冷冻解冻后,添加0.05 mol/L海藻糖处理组的精子活力显著(P<0.05)高于对照组;添加0.05 mol/L和0.1 mol/L海藻糖处理组的精子生存率显著(P<0.05)高于对照组;添加0.1 mol/L海藻糖处理组顶体完整的精子百分比显著(P<0.05)高于对照组;4个海藻糖处理组膨胀精子百分比都显著(P<0.05)高于对照组;添加0.025 mol/L海藻糖处理组ROS水平显著(P<0.05)低于对照组。结果表明:海藻糖对精子冷冻保存是有益的,且能抑制精子内ROS的发生,但它的作用机制有待于进一步的研究。     

西北地区东部夏季降水日数的变化趋势及其气候特征

以西北地区东部(95°E～112°E,32°N～41°N)104个测站1960～2000历年夏季(6～8月)降水日数资料为基础,通过EOF和REOF等分析方法,研究夏季降水日数时空分布的异常特征。结果表明西北地区东部夏季多年平均降水日数的地区分布特点是西部多、东部少,沿祁连山山脉存在一个降水日数较多中心区域,并且降水量和降水日数均呈增多趋势。降水日数的空间异常主要表现为一致性异常和南北相反异常两种类型。根据REOF方法可将西北区东部分为5个不同降水日数气候区,即甘肃中东部及河套区、渭水流域区、河西走廊区、青海高原北部区、青海南部区和四川北部区。20世纪80年代以来,西北地区东部大部分地区降水日数呈现减少的趋势。冬季(或夏季)青藏高原地面加热场强度偏强,甘肃河西及祁连山地区、宁夏南部等地夏季降水偏多(或少),青海东南部-甘肃南部-渭水流域夏季降水日数偏少(或偏多)。     

Study on the activation of blood platelets by propylene-acidamide grafted polypropylene membrane in vitro

AIM: To evaluate the blood compatibility of a new bioartificial reactor membranous material (propylene-acidamide grafted polypropylene membrane, PP-g-AAm) in vitro. METHODS: Contacted PP-g-AAm membrane and PP (polypropylene) membrane with platelet-rich plasma in a swing bed, 37 ℃, to simulate the conditions in vivo, and another group of PRP without any membranes was set as control group. ELISA was used to study the expression of β-thromboglobulin, and flow cytometry was used to study CD62P and CD63 expression of the activated blood platelets after contacting the two kinds of membranes with PRP. Scanning electrical microscopy was used to study the configuration and numbers of platelet cells adhered on the membranes. RESULTS: After contacting with PRP 30 min, β-TG expression showed marked difference between the two kinds of material groups and the control group (P<0.01, P<0.05), and the difference between the two kinds of membrane groups was also significant (P<0.05). There were obviously differences on the expression of CD62P and CD63 between the two kinds of membranes after contacting with PRP for 30 min (P<0.05，P<0.01). When enlarged 10 000 times, the disfiguration of the platelet cells adhered on the two kinds of membranes after one hour were found by scanning electrical microscopy, and the numbers of platelets on the PP membrane were more than the PP-g-AAm membrane markedly. CONCLUSION: The PP-g-AAm membrane has better blood compatibility than the PP membrane.     

Effects of beta2-adrenergic blocker on cytosolic Ca2+ in isolated cardiomyocytes of rats with myocardial infarction

AIM: To investigate if beta2-adrenergic receptors result in more Ca2+ load after myocardial infarction (MI), the effects of beta2-adrenergic blocker on cytosolic Ca2+ (［Ca2+］i) were studied. METHODS: Male Wistar rats underwent a ligation of left coronary artery (n=9) or a sham operation (n=3). Cardiomyocytes were dissociated at 2, 4 and 8 weeks after MI and ［Ca2+］i was measured via fura-2 fluorescence. The response of cardiomyocytes to isoproterenol (1 μmol/L) in the presence or absence of atenolol (1 μmol/L), beta2-adrenergic blocker ICI118,551 (0.1 μmol/L) or propranolol (1 μmol/L) was examined. RESULTS: ICI118,551 suppressed the increase in ［Ca2+］i induced by isoproterenol at 4 and 8 weeks after MI (24.5%±5.7% vs 57.8%±13.2%, P<0.01; 12.2%±7.9% vs 44.6%±11.3%, P<0.01), but had no effects in control and 2 weeks post-MI groups. It decreased ［Ca2+］i in control and the three post-MI groups by 14.3%, 7.9%, 57.6% and 72.6%, respectively. Atenolol had suppressive effects only in control and 2 weeks post-MI groups (P<0.05). Propranolol had suppressive effects in control and all three post-MI groups (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: Beta 2-adrenergic blocker ICI118,551 exerts negative effects on ［Ca2+］i after MI, and the effects dramatically increase with the progression of MI.